Effectiveness of Irondo as a community-led security mechanism in Kigali

Abstract

This case study focused on the mentalities regarding security, technology and resources used to keep security as well as the relationship of the state and community-led security mechanism. These are key factors that explain the "node" theory, which was the main basis to assess the effectiveness of community-led security mechanism. In Rwanda, the study was conducted in four settlements and Professional Night Patrols commonly known as "Irondo ry ' Umwuga" was identified as an alternative community-led security mechanism. Security governance system of Rwanda is strongly aligned with the administrative structure as well as the historical background of the country. In this context, citizens understand the importance of security and therefore willingly contribute to keeping their neighbourhoods secure. Technologies and resources, however, differ. Poor neighbourhoods have struggled to provide enough means while in some areas, coordination by local leaders has effectively contributed to raising much resource and provide needed technologies to patrollers. Importantly, professional night patrollers closely collaborate with public security agencies, mainly the Rwanda National Police, which ensures capacity building of patrollers.    * Researcher and Managing Director of A & G Services Ltd, Kigali, E-mail:pbarihuta@gmail.com